TY  - BOOK
AU  - Baguio, Charlemagne, 
AU  - Budiongan, Christian Brianne, 
AU  - Dagondon, Elaine, 
AU  - Estremos, John Daryll,  
AU  - Giberson, Charrise Marie, 
AU  - Martinez Kyle, 
AU  - Nunez, Vea Clarisse, 
AU  - Paje, Leo Adrianne, 
AU  - Rejuso, Jomel Mitzi, 
AU  - Tapodoc, Jaymel, 
AU  - Veraque, Bliss Diana, 
TI  - Cytotoxic activity of mangosteen (garcinia mangostana) peel extract against HepG2 and HCT-116 cancer cell line /  
PY  - 2025///.
CY  - Cebu City, Philippines : 
PB  - University of Cebu-Banilad, 
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Global health challenge.
KW  - Mangosteen
KW  - Asian fruit
N1  - Includes bibliographical references.; Adult
N2  - "Cancer remains a significant global health challenge, ranking as the second leading cause of death worldwide, with substantial morbidity and mortality in the Philippines, particularly from colorectal and liver cancers. While conventional treatments like chemotherapy and radiation reduce mortality, they often lack specificity, fail to prevent metastasis, and are associated with considerable adverse effects. This necessitates the exploration of natural products as safer, more effective therapeutic alternatives. Garcinia mangostana (mangosteen), a Southeast Asian fruit, is traditionally recognized for its health benefits, with its phytochemicals, particularly xanthones, demonstrating antioxidant, antitumor, and cell-modulating properties in various studies. However, the specific in vitro anticancer efficacy and chemoprotective potential of mangosteen peel extract against human colorectal (HCT116) and liver (HepG2) cancer cell lines remain underexplored.

This study aimed to evaluate the concentration-dependent cytotoxic activity of mangosteen peel ethanolic extract against HCT116 and HepG2 cells using the MTT assay, and to compare its efficacy with standard chemotherapeutic drugs (5-FU for HCT116, Doxorubicin for HepG2). Results revealed potent cytotoxic effects: the extract achieved 92.89% inhibition against HCT116 cells at 100 µg/mL (comparable to 5-FU's 90.55%), and 92.17% inhibition against HepG2 cells at a lower concentration of 25 µg/mL (exceeding Doxorubicin's 69.94%). Colorimetric examination further confirmed significant metabolic inhibition in treated cells. These findings confirm the extract's cytotoxicity, surpassing the 50% inhibition threshold.

The study highlights mangosteen peel extract as a promising natural source for novel anticancer agents, contributing to the knowledge gap regarding under-researched Philippine flora. Further research is warranted to elucidate its mechanisms of action and explore its potential for standardized nutraceutical or pharmaceutical development." --Abstract
ER  -